What You Need Before You Apply for CHIP

Gather these documents first

Before you contact your state's CHIP program, collect proof of income, citizenship or immigration status, and your child's Social Security number. Most states want to see recent pay stubs, tax returns, or a letter from your employer showing what you earn. If you're self-employed, bring last year's tax return and current profit-and-loss statement. Have your child's birth certificate and your own ID ready as well.

You'll also need your current address and phone number, and the names and birthdates of everyone in your household. If your child has had other health insurance in the past year, note when that coverage ended. States use all of this to figure out whether your child meets their income and citizenship rules.

Some states ask for additional paperwork depending on your situation — for instance, if you receive child support, proof of that amount, or if you're unemployed, documentation from your state's unemployment office. Check your state's CHIP website or call their number to ask what they specifically need before you submit anything.

Key Takeaways

• Gather proof of income (pay stubs, tax returns, or an employer letter), your child's birth certificate and Social Security number, and proof of citizenship or immigration status before you start.
• Each state's CHIP program has its own income limits and rules, so check your state's website to see whether your household qualifies based on what you earn.
• You can submit your application online, by mail, or in person at your state's CHIP office, and most states process applications within 30 to 45 days.
• If your application is denied, you have the right to ask for a hearing to challenge the decision, and your state must tell you how to request one.

How to submit your application

Most states let you apply online through their CHIP website, which is usually the fastest route. You'll create an account, enter your household information and income, upload or type in your documents, and submit. Some states also accept applications by mail or in person at a local CHIP office or health department.

When you submit, write down your application number or confirmation code — you'll need it to check on your status later. Keep a copy of everything you send, whether you apply online or by mail. If you apply by mail, send it certified mail with return receipt so you have proof it arrived.

If you're not sure how to apply in your state, call the CHIP hotline number listed on your state's website. Staff can walk you through the process, tell you which documents to include, and answer questions about your household's income.

What counts as income for CHIP

CHIP programs count wages, salary, and self-employment income. They also count child support you receive, Social Security benefits, unemployment benefits, and retirement income. Some states count certain tax refunds or credits as income for the year you receive them.

What usually does not count: food stamps (SNAP), housing assistance, or money from friends and family. Some states exclude the first $65 of monthly income or use other deductions, so the income your state counts may be lower than what you actually earn. Your state's CHIP website should have a chart showing exactly what they count and what they don't.

If your income changes after you submit your application, tell your state right away. If you lose a job or get a raise, that affects whether you stay on CHIP, and reporting it early prevents problems later.

Timeline from application to coverage

Most states process CHIP applications within 30 to 45 days, though some are faster. A few states have a waiting period — usually 30 days — before coverage actually starts, even after you're approved. Your state's website should tell you how long their process takes and when coverage would begin.

While you're waiting, keep any paperwork the program sends you. If they ask for more information, respond within the deadline they give you — usually 10 to 30 days. If you miss the deadline, your application may be denied, though you can reapply.

Once you're approved, your state will send you an insurance card or a letter with your child's CHIP member ID number. Use that number when you schedule doctor's appointments or fill prescriptions. Your coverage usually lasts for 12 months, and your state will contact you before it expires to ask whether you want to renew.

If your application is denied

Your state must send you a written notice explaining why your application was denied — for instance, because your income was too high, or because your child didn't meet the citizenship requirement. The notice will also tell you how to request a hearing to challenge the decision.

You have a set number of days (usually 30 to 60) to ask for a hearing. You don't need a lawyer, and you can present documents or witnesses to show why you think the decision was wrong. Many people win their hearings, especially if the state made a mistake calculating income or if your circumstances have changed since you applied.

If you're denied because your income is too high for CHIP, ask whether your child might be covered under Medicaid instead. Some states have separate income limits for each program, and your child might may have access to for one but not the other.

Renewing your CHIP coverage

Your state will send you a renewal notice before your 12 months of coverage end. The notice will tell you what information you need to send back — usually updated income proof and confirmation that your household information hasn't changed. Submit your renewal at least two weeks before your coverage expires to avoid a gap.

If your income has gone up, you may no longer may have access to for CHIP. If it's gone down, your child might now may have access to for Medicaid instead, which your state can help you transfer to. If you don't renew and your coverage ends, you can reapply at any time.

Some states let you renew online, by mail, or by phone. Check your renewal notice for the method your state uses and the deadline you need to meet.

Frequently Asked Questions

What if I don't have a Social Security number for my child?

You can still apply for CHIP in most states. You'll need to show that you've requested a Social Security number or that your child is not may be able to access for one. Some states will issue a temporary number for CHIP purposes while you wait for the official one to arrive.

Can I apply if my child has a disability or special health needs?

Yes. CHIP covers children with disabilities and chronic conditions. Some states have separate programs or expedited processing for children with special needs, so mention this when you apply. Your child's medical history won't disqualify them — CHIP covers all children who meet the income and age rules.

What if my income varies month to month because I'm self-employed?

Most states average your income over the past year or use your most recent tax return. If your income has changed significantly since last year, bring documentation of your current earnings — recent invoices, bank statements, or a profit-and-loss statement. Tell the CHIP office that your income is variable so they understand the numbers you're showing them.

Do I have to pay anything for CHIP coverage?

CHIP is free or very low-cost depending on your state and income. Some states charge a small monthly premium (usually $5 to $20 per child) or a small copay when you see a doctor. Your state's website will tell you what costs, if any, apply to your household's income level.

What happens if I move to a different state after I'm approved?

CHIP coverage does not transfer between states. You'll need to apply for CHIP in your new state, and coverage will end when you move. Some states have a grace period of a few weeks, but don't count on it. Apply in your new state as soon as you move so there's no gap in your child's coverage.